Alan
Turing
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/people/alan_turing
http://www.turing.org.uk/turing
The Turing Test
'When talking about the Turing Test today what is
generally understood is the following:
The interrogator is connected to one person and one machine via
a terminal, therefore can't see her counterparts. Her task is to
find out which of the two candidates is the machine, and which is
the human only by asking them questions. If the machine can "fool"
the interrogator, it is intelligent.
This test has been subject to different kinds of criticism and
has been at the heart of many discussions in AI, philosophy and
cognitive science for the past 50 years.'
http://www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/~asaygin/tt/ttest.html
'Turing's Man' by J.D. Bolter
http://csmt.uchicago.edu/annotations/bolter.htm
J. D. Bolter
http://www.eastgate.com/people/Bolter.html
http://elab.eserver.org/hfl0204.html
('Writing Space')
Walter Ong
http://libraries.slu.edu/special/digital/ong/index.php
Techne
http://grammar.about.com/od/tz/g/Techne.htm
Hypertext
http://www.w3.org/WhatIs.html
http://www.lincoln.edu/math/rmyrick/ComputerNetworks/InetReference/12.htm
Computer
http://www.computerhistory.org/timeline/?category=cmptr
Robot
http://www.robotics.utexas.edu/rrg/learn_more/history/
The concept of 'The Other'
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Other
(although use of wikipedia is generally frowned on in academic
circles, I haven't yet been able to find a clearer reference to
this concept. I will update this page when I do - Paul)
Hero
(or Heron) of Alexandria
http://www.answers.com/topic/hero-of-alexandria
http://www.mlahanas.de/Greeks/HeronAlexandria.htm
http://www.history.rochester.edu/steam/hero/
Aeolipile
(early steam engine invented by Hero)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y8eb3ak1f9g
(video)
http://modelengines.info/aeolipile/
'The
Turk' - A 'Magical' Chess Player
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RdT4yG8wczQ
(video) *
http://web.onetel.net.uk/~johnrampling/turk.html
Duck
of Vaucanson (automaton)
http://www.swarthmore.edu/Humanities/pschmid1/essays/pynchon/vaucanson.html
Charles Babbage (a 'founder of scientific computing'
- the difference engine)
http://www.computerhistory.org/babbage/
Ada Lovelace (a 'founder of scientific computing'
- programming)
http://www.sdsc.edu/ScienceWomen/lovelace.html
http://www.well.com/~adatoole/bio.htm
Lyons Tea Houses
http://www.kzwp.com/lyons/
http://www.kzwp.com/lyons/leo.htm
Consciousness
http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1580394,00.html
(by Steven Pinker)
'Consciousness Explained' (Daniel Dennett)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vkaS5JWZ1hY
(video) *
http://sciwrite.org/glj/reviews.dennett.html
'Game of Life' (cellular automata)
http://www.bitstorm.org/gameoflife
*
Artificial Intelligence
http://www-formal.stanford.edu/jmc/whatisai/whatisai.html
Generative Art
http://www.generativeart.com/
http://www.generative.net/read/home
Nam June Paik
http://www.paikstudios.com
http://www.medienkunstnetz.de/works/robot-k-456/
Mona Hatoum
http://www.whitecube.com/artists/hatoum
http://www.portfolio.mvm.ed.ac.uk/studentwebs/session1/group54/Monahatoum.htm
('Corps étranger')
http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio3/johntusainterview/hatoum_transcript.shtml
(interview)
Alvin Lucier
http://alucier.web.wesleyan.edu
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3uuYNKVQNMU
(a performance of 'music for solo performer')
Brian Eno
http://music.hyperreal.org/artists/brian_eno/
http://philipgalanter.com/generative_art/wiki/index.php5?title=Brian_Eno
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KFEpF6Wec1Q
(video: an illustrated talk))
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F-1cTC8DFu8
(video: 77 million paintings)
Steve Reich
http://www.stevereich.com
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CHVMVDhC-UA
(video: Music for 18 Musicians trailer)
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